Investigating the Immunological Basis of Long COVID: Insights into Chronic Immune Dysfunction

Abstract

Long COVID, also known as Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), is a

condition characterized by persistent symptoms following recovery from the acute phase of

COVID-19. Recent studies have highlighted a significant immunological basis for the

condition, with evidence of chronic immune dysfunction contributing to prolonged

symptoms. This paper explores the immunological mechanisms underlying Long COVID,

focusing on immune dysregulation, autoimmunity, and persistent viral reservoirs. Key

findings suggest that alterations in T cell responses, cytokine production, and immune cell

activation contribute to the development and persistence of Long COVID. Further research is

essential to understand the full spectrum of immune dysfunction and its implications for

therapeutic interventions.