Exploring the Genetic Basis of Parkinson’s Disease: Insights into Early Detection and Targeted Therapies

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor

symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia. Genetic research has increasingly

become a critical tool in understanding the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease, with

advances in genomic technologies uncovering both inherited and sporadic genetic factors that

contribute to its onset and progression. This paper explores the genetic underpinnings of PD,

focusing on the roles of specific genetic mutations, biomarkers for early detection, and

potential therapeutic targets. The research demonstrates the importance of identifying genetic

risk factors for early diagnosis and targeted therapies, offering promising insights into

improving clinical management and personalized treatments for PD. Key genetic findings,

such as mutations in the LRRK2, SNCA, PARK7, and PINK1 genes, and their implications for

disease progression, are discussed. Additionally, the paper examines how these discoveries

may lead to precision medicine in PD treatment. Ultimately, the research supports the idea

that early genetic markers could enable better diagnostic strategies and the development of

targeted therapies that could delay or prevent disease onset.